Assessment of the need for orthodontic treatment in a peruvian sample using the dental aesthetic index / Necesidad de tratamiento ortodóntico en una muestra peruana mediante el índice estético dental

Introduction: The Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) is considered an essential tool in the association of the aesthetic and clinical elements of occlusion. It plays a key role in the timely and essential orthodontic treatment. Objective: to determine the orthodontic treatment required in students of a Peruvian public institution using the DAI. Material and Methods: A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study was carried out during the months of June to July 2016 in a Peruvian educational institution. The sample consisted of 120 students. The use of the DAI allowed to assess the orthodontic treatment required, through the 10 occlusal conditions and regression indicators that constitute a linear formula, with the following components: no treatment required, elective treatment, desirable treatment, and priority treatment, according to the severity of the malocclusion as normal, defined, severe, and very severe, respectively. Results: 53.3% (64) of the students required priority orthodontic treatment due to presenting DAI=43.03. Between the ages of 12-14 years, 56.7% (34), 8.3% (5), and 28.3% (17) required priority, desirable, and elective orthodontic treatment, respectively. The need for priority orthodontic treatment was more prevalent in females accounting for 57.6% (38). 95% (57) of the students from rural areas required orthodontic treatment. Conclusion: The need for orthodontic treatment in a Peruvian sample using the Dental Aesthetic Index was priority orthodontic treatment, mostly in females with ages ranging between 12-14 years.

Introducción: El Índice Estético Dental (DAI) es considerada una herramienta indispensable en la aso-ciación de los elementos estéticos y clínicos de la oclusión, influyendo directamente en el tratamiento de ortodoncia oportuno y requerido. Objetivo: determinar el tratamiento de ortodoncia requerido en estudiantes de una institución pública peruana haciendo uso del DAI. Material y Métodos: Estudio de diseño descriptivo, observacional, con corte transversal, ejecutado durante los meses junio a julio de 2016, en una institución educativa peruana. La muestra fueron 120 estudiantes. La observación mediante el uso del instrumento DAI permitió valorar el tratamiento de ortodoncia requerido, mediante las 10 condiciones oclusales e indicadores de regresión que constituyen una fórmula lineal, con categorías de: No requiere tratamiento, tratamiento electivo, trata-miento deseable, tratamiento prioritario, de acuerdo a la severidad de la maloclusión presente como oclusión normal, definida, severa y muy severa, respectivamente. Resultados: Estudio de diseño descriptivo, observacional, con corte transversal, ejecutado durante los meses junio a julio de 2016, en una institución educativa peruana. La muestra fueron 120 estudiantes. La observación mediante el uso del instrumento DAI permitió valorar el tratamiento de ortodoncia requerido, mediante las 10 condiciones oclusales e indicadores de regresión que constituyen una fórmula lineal, con categorías de: No requiere tratamiento, tratamiento electivo, tratamiento deseable, tratamiento prioritario, de acuerdo a la severidad de la maloclusión presente como oclusión normal, definida, severa y muy severa, respectivamente. Conclusion: La necesidad de tratamiento ortodóntico en una muestra peruana mediante el Índice Estético Dental fue tratamiento de ortodoncia prioritario, predominando el género femenino entre los 12 -14 años.

Dental anomalies in an orthodontic patient population with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis

ABSTRACT Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dental anomalies in a subpopulation of orthodontic patients with agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors (MLI). Methods: The material of the present study included the records of the 1964 orthodontic patients. Panoramic radiographs and dental casts were used to analyze other associated eight dental anomalies, including agenesis of other teeth, dens invaginatus, dens evaginatus, peg shaped MLI, taurodontism, pulp stone, root dilaceration and maxillary canine impaction. Results: Out of the 1964 patients examined, 90 were found to have agenesis of MLI, representing a prevalence of 4.6%. The most commonly found associated-anomalies were agenesis of other teeth (23.3%), peg-shaped MLIs (15.6%), taurodontism (42.2%), and dilacerated teeth (18.9%). Conclusion: Permanent tooth agenesis, taurodontism, peg-shaped maxillary lateral incisor, and root dilacerations are frequently associated with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis.

RESUMO Objetivo: o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de anomalias dentárias em uma subpopulação de pacientes ortodônticos com agenesia de incisivos laterais superiores (ILS). Material e Métodos: o material do presente estudo incluiu os registros de 1964 pacientes ortodônticos. Radiografias panorâmicas e modelos de estudo foram usados para analisar outras anomalias dentárias associadas, incluindo a agenesia de outros dentes, dens invaginatus, dens evaginatus, ILS conoides, taurodontismo, calcificação pulpar, dilaceração radicular e impacção do canino superior. Resultados: dos 1964 pacientes examinados, constatou-se que 90 tinham agenesia do ILS, o que representa uma prevalência de 4,6%. As anomalias associadas mais comumente encontradas foram a agenesia de outros dentes (23,3%), ILS conoides (15,6%), taurodontismo (42,2%) e dentes com dilaceração (18,9%). Conclusão: a agenesia de dentes permanentes, o taurodontismo, incisivos laterais superiores conoides e dilaceração radicular estão frequentemente associados à agenesia de incisivos laterais superiores.

Frecuencia de transposición dental en las clínicas de postgrado de odontología de la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit / Frequency of dental transposition at the postgraduate dental clinics of the Autonomous University of Nayarit

La transposición dental es una anomalía poco común que se presenta enalrededor de un caso por cada 300 pacientes. Se limita a los dientes permanentes, ocurre con mayor frecuencia en el maxilar y puede ser unilateral o bilateral. Objetivos: Conocer la frecuencia por sexo de la transposición dental y qué dientes se ven afectados más usualmente. Material y métodos:El estudio es descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo. El tamaño de la muestra fue de 445 modelos de estudio retratamiento de ortodoncia; el tamaño de muestra se calculó con un nivel de confianza del 99 por ciento, con un error del 3 por ciento y una prevalencia calculada del 10 por ciento. Se incluyeron los modelos con todos los dientes erupcionados –con excepción del tercer molar- y se excluyeron los dientes cuya anatomía pudiera estar alterada por fracturas, cavidades, desgastes y restauraciones. Conclusiones: La frecuencia de la transposición fue de 1.3 por ciento; la frecuencia fue mayor en mujeres, con un 2 por ciento; en hombres fue de 0.5 por ciento de la población.

Dental transposition is a rare anomaly, the frequency being around one case in every 300 patients. It affects only permanent teeth and is more common in the maxilla. It can be unilateral or bilateral. Objectives:To determine the frequency of dental transposition, in which sex it is more common, and which teeth are most commonly affected. Material and methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study was performed. The sample consisted of 445 pretreatment orthodontic study models; the sample size was calculated with a confidence level of 99% and error of 3%, the prevalence being estimated as 10%. The models included were those with all teeth erupted, except for the third molars: teeth in which the anatomy may have been altered by wear, fractures, cavities, and restorations were excluded. conclusions: The frequency of transposition was 1.3%, being higher in women (2%) than in men. (0.5%)

Fotogrametría del perfil facial en ortodoncia / Photogrammetry of facial profile in orthodontics

Se incorporaron dos sencillos elementos en las fotografías del perfil facial en ortodoncia. La aplicación de un sello, automático, de tinta común con una escala preestablecida de aplicación fácil, ágil y reproducible, directamente sobre la piel del paciente, para otorgar mayorprecisión en la comparación de imágenes en el tiempo; como así también, la utilización de un plano de referencia denominado plano lefraconformado por dos puntos que unen ojo y oído, permitiendo evaluar los cambios producidos en el rostro por medio de la superposición fotográfica. Al finalizar el presente trabajo se concluyo que la utilización del sello y la superposición sobre el plano lefra permiten asimilar eltamaño de las fotografías y a su vez dar una zona referencial estable, facilitando la comparación entre el pre y post tratamiento.

Two simple elements were incorporated in the photographs of facial profile in orthodontics. The application of a seal, automatic, common ink on a prescribed scale of easy, fast and reproducible application, directly on the skin of the patient profile, which gives more accurate comparison of images in time; as well as the use of a reference plane called lefra plane, which consists of two points linking eye and ear, allowing to evaluate the changes in the face by means of photographic superimposition. Upon completion of this work, was concluded that the use of the seal and the overlay on the lefra plane allow to assimilate the size of the photographs and in turn provide a stable reference area to facilitate the comparison between pre and post treatment.

Validity of two occlusal indices for determining orthodontic treatment needs of patients treated in a public university in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil / Validade de dois índices oclusais na determinação de necessidade de tratamento ortodôntico em pacientes tratados em uma universidade pública em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil

The aim of the present study was to validate the dental aesthetic index (DAI) and index of complexity, outcome and need (ICON) based on the opinions of a panel of Brazilian orthodontists. A comparison of these two orthodontic treatment need indices was carried out based on the consensus of a panel of 20 experienced orthodontists. A set of 108 study casts representing the full spectrum of malocclusions was selected. A calibrated examiner scored the casts for both indices. The orthodontists individually rated the casts regarding the degree of orthodontic treatment need. The panel's mean rating of the need for treatment was used as the gold standard for evaluating the validity of the indices. The accuracy of the indices, as reflected in the area under receiver-operating characteristic curves, was high: DAI = 81.83 percent (95 percentCI: 71.21-92.44); ICON = 88.75 percent (95 percentCI: 78.57-98.92). Although the accuracy of the ICON was higher than that of the DAI, both indices are recommended for determining orthodontic treatment need in Brazil.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi validar os índices dental aesthetic index (DAI) e index of complexity, outcome and need (ICON) a partir da opinião de um painel de ortodontistas brasileiros. A comparação desses dois índices de necessidade de tratamento ortodôntico foi feita baseada no consenso de um painel de 20 experientes ortodontistas. Um conjunto de 108 modelos de estudo representando uma grande variedade de tipos de maloclusão foi selecionado. Um examinador calibrado mensurou os modelos para ambos os índices. Os ortodontistas, de forma individual, avaliaram a necessidade de tratamento ortodôntico de cada modelo. O valor médio do painel de ortodontistas em relação à necessidade de tratamento foi utilizado como padrão-ouro para validação dos índices. Os valores de acurácia dos índices, medidos pela curva de característica de operação do receptor, foram altos: DAI = 81,83 por cento (IC95 por cento: 71,21-92,44); ICON = 88,75 por cento (IC95 por cento: 78,57-98,92). Embora a acurácia do ICON tenha sido mais alta do que a do DAI, ambos os índices são recomendados para determinar a necessidade de tratamento ortodôntico no Brasil.

[Assessment of the frequency of the need and demand for orthodontic treatment among Kerman guidance school's pupils, 2005 -2006]

Nowadays, dentofacial deformity is one of the most common problems which can influence all aspects of human's life. Howerer, not all people with these deformities are aware of their problem and even refuse to seek orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the need and demand for orthodontic treatment among guidance school's pupils in the year 2005- 2006. In this cross sectional study 750 students including 420 girls and 330 boys from guidance school were examined. The clinical occlusal relationships were evaluated, then the need for orthodontic treatment was estimated by using Index of Treatment Need [IOTN]. Demand was assessed with a closed questionnaire containing reasons for acceptance or refusal of orthodontic treatment. Overall frequency of malocclusion was 50.55% with a higher frequncy among girls [p<0.05], compare to boys 41.53% of the pupils, most of them with increased overbite, sought orthodontic treatment. The demand for treatment was the same in boys and girls in mild malocclusions, but in severe cases girls had more demand. The demand rate was significantly higher in pupils with high socioeconomic levels [p<0.05], parents education had no significant effect on this value. Considering our findings, seeking orthodontic treatment in pupils with dentofacial deformity is not based on parents' education, but economic condition is a major limiting factor in this field

Relación entre el motivo de consulta ortodóncico, el diagnóstico clínico de la maloclusión y el grado de satisfacción postratamiento. Parte II: grado de satisfacción / Relationship between the reason of orthodontic consultation, the clinical diagnosis of malocclusion and the degree of postreatment satisfaction. Part II: degree of satisfaction

El propósito de este estudio fue determinar el grado de satisfacción postratamiento de 250 pacientes que finalizaron tratamiento de ortodoncia en cuatro instituciones de la ciudad de Medellín. La recolección de la información se hizo por medio de una encuesta y para su análisis se aplicó la prueba "chi-cuadrado" simple o corregida (x2). Se encontró que el 94.4 por ciento de los pacientes estuvieron satisfechos con el resultado del tratamiento de ortodoncia; el grado de satisfacción postratamiento es de origen multifactorial; para los pacinetes regularmente satisfechos e insatisfechos existen múltiples causas de insatisfacción y la solución del motivo de consulta inicial es uno de los factores que lo determinan fuertemente, por cuanto el grado de satisfacción en los pacientes a quienes se les solucionó completamente y aquellos con una solución parcial, varió ampliamente con una diferencia estadísticamente significativa del 0 por ciento

Occlusal status and permanent teeth eruption in Libyan children.

The occlusal status was assessed in 2015 Libyan children. Angle class I was found to be the predominant type (94.5%), overbite relationship in the majority (50.6%) were within the incisal third. The mean overjet measurements ranged from 2 mm. to 8 mm. Small proportion (13.4%) of the children examined were assessed to have a signs of crowding. Only 18.7% of the children were found to require orthodontic treatment. Eruption of permanent teeth was earlier in girls than in boys. The interval of rest between the mandibular lateral incisors and canines was 2.68 years for boys and 2.76 years for girls.

Estudo comparativo da sobremordida e da profundidade das curvas de Spee e oclusäo-incisal, em jovens leucodermas brasileiras, com "oclusäo normal" e com Classe II, Div. 1, tratadas ortodonticamente / Comparative study of the overbite and of the dept of the curve of Spee and occlusial-incisal, in young white brazilian, with \"normal occlusion\" and with Class II, Div. 1, orthodontically treated

Analisou-se as alteraçöes da sobremordida e das curvas de Spee e oclusäo-incisal pós-tratamento, e seus comportamentos na fase pós-contençäo, em jovens com má-oclusäo de classe II, div. 1. Os resultados obtidos, foram comparados com as medidas auferidas em jovens com oclusäo normal. Para sua realizaçäo, foram utilizadas jovens leucodermas brasileiras, filhas e/ou netas de brasileiros, espanhóis, portugueses e italianos, divididas em 3 amostras: Grupo I - com oclusäo normal; Grupo II - com classe II, div. 1, de pacientes tratadas e residentes em Bauru e Grupo III - classe II, div. 1, de pacientes tratadas e residentes em Säo Paulo. Com base nos resultados obtidos, concluiu-se que: 1) tanto a sobremordida, como a profundidade das curvas de Spee e oclusäo-incisal, diminuíram significantemente com o perpassar da idade, nas jovens com oclusäo normal (grupo I)...